What is  Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that is found in the blood. It’s very important for producing certain types of processes such as hormones, vitamin D, and other substances to digest food. While the body does need it to work properly, having an excess amount can cause blockages in the arteries, which can lead to some serious health problems. Cholesterol moves through the blood via lipoproteins, the most usual one being low-density (LDL), known as “bad cholesterol” and also high-density lipoprotein (HDL) which is also frequently heard, as “good cholesterol”. 

Why is it Important to Reduce Cholesterol?

Having high levels of LDL can cause plaque buildup in your arteries, which can lead to a condition called atherosclerosis. This thins out the arteries and slows down blood flow, which will increase the risk of certain medical problems such as heart disease, heart attacks, and strokes. Reducing the levels, specifically LDL levels, can greatly lower these risks and improve the heart’s overall health. 

How to Reduce Cholesterol: Diet, Exercise, and Lifestyle Changes

One of the most effective ways to reduce these high levels is making a difference in lifestyle changes, mainly in the diet including physical activity. These are some of the best actions one can take to reduce it naturally. 

Adopting a Heart-Healthy Diet

Eating foods that have low saturated fat and trans fats can drastically reduce cholesterol. These are some diet changes that can help: 

• Increasing fiber intake: Soluble fiber can be found in oats, fruits, vegetables, and legumes, these can reduce LDL levels by binding to it in the digestive system. 
• Choose healthy fats: Replacing saturated fats, which can be found in red meat and full-fat dairy products, containing unsaturated fats, like those found in olive oil, nuts, and avocados. All of these previous fats can help reduce levels. 
• Limit all cholesterol-rich foods: While dieting you may find that eggs, shellfish, and organ meats have less of an impact on your blood levels, it is a good choice to keep consuming these foods in moderation. 

Regular Exercise

Physical activity can improve levels by increasing HDL (good cholesterol) and minimizing LDL. Even just a bit of moderate exercise, like yoga, pilates, taking a walk, biking, or swimming can make a drastic change. 

Maintaining a Healthy Weight

Being overweight or obese can raise LDL levels and lower HDL. Losing the excess weight will greatly aid in reducing these levels in the blood and improving overall heart health. Focusing on gradual, sustained weight loss via a combination of both diet and exercise. 

Avoid smoking and Limit Alcohol Consumption

Smoking can lower HDL levels and damage the lining of the blood vessels, which can then turn to plaque buildup. Quitting smoking can help improve these levels and reduce the risk of heart disease. In addition, abusing alcohol consumption can raise these levels. Limiting alcohol intake to moderate levels can contribute to keeping healthy levels. 

Cholesterol Treatment Options

When lifestyle changes on their own are just not enough to reduce these levels to a healthy range, medical attention may be necessary. There exist several options for medications that can lower high levels, talking with a medical professional can help determine what treatment options are right for you. 

Statins 

Statins are one of the most commonly prescribed medications. They block the substances the body needs to make cholesterol, and can help to reduce LDL levels. Statins are also used to help the body reabsorb it from already existing plaques in the artery walls, and so also can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke. 

Bile Acid Sequestrants

Bile acid sequestrants are another type of treatment that can work in reducing high levels. This medication fuses with bile acids that are formed from cholesterol and prevents the body from reabsorbing it via the intestines. This medication forces the body to use more of the cholesterol to make more bile acids, efficiently minimizing the levels in the blood. 

Cholesterols Absorption Inhibitors

This medication can help reduce cholesterol levels by restricting its absorption from foods. The medication works by absorbing the inhibitors inside the intestine, preventing any dietary cholesterol from entering the bloodstream, and thus reducing levels overall. 

PCSK9 Inhibitors

PCSK9 inhibitors are a newer kind of medication that can help reduce levels by allowing more LDL to be removed from the blood. This treatment is usually used in patients who are unable to reduce their levels just enough with other treatments or have an underlying genetic condition that causes high levels. 

Yes, many individuals can reduce cholesterol levels through lifestyle changes on their own, for instance improving their diets, intensifying physical activity, and quitting smoking entirely. Some individuals may require additional medication, as well as lifestyle changes to reduce back to normal levels, especially if there are genetic factors involved or other underlying conditions. 

Adopting lifestyle changes, eating a heart-healthy diet, daily exercising, and avoiding smoke can effectively reduce the levels. On the other hand for those who need additional help, medications like statins, bile acid sequestrants, and PCSK9 inhibitors can offer patients an effective treatment option.  Always consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best treatment plan available for you. By following the guidelines mentioned above, you can reduce your levels and improve your overall health. 

Contact

Please contact us if you have any questions or need further information about cholesterol management and the treatments we offer at LIMARP.

Resources

If you wish to learn more or get more information on the subjects try the following websites to understand more about the subject. 

• American Heart Association: heart.org
• National Institutes of Health: nih.gov
• Mayo Clinic: mayoclinic.org

When discussing heart conditions, health, and wellness overall, two terms often come up: triglycerides and cholesterol. Both of these substances play a crucial role in the body but they do have a difference in function which impacts health and overall concerns—knowing the difference that both triglycerides and cholesterol are vital for any individual trying to manage their health, especially for those who will have bariatric treatments. 

In this blog, we will talk about some of the most frequently asked questions about triglycerides and cholesterol, what the difference between the two is,  with an approach to each of their roles, how they can affect health, and what are the best options for treating and managing them. 

At LIMARP in Tijuana, Mexico we know the difference and offer some of the latest and specialized treatment. With highly experienced staff and medical professionals, anyone searching for comprehensive medical care can expect constant care and the latest in treatments and methods to help you achieve your health goals. 

What are Triglycerides?

Triglycerides are a type of fat (lipid) that is found in the blood. When eating, the body converts any excess of calories it doesn’t need to be used right away into triglycerides. These triglycerides are then stored in fat cells and are used later to release energy in between meals. A high level of triglycerides in the blood is a condition that is called hypertriglyceridemia, which can increase the risk of heart disease. 

Key Points about Triglycerides: 

• They are the main type of fat stored in the body. 
• A high level of triglycerides is often directly linked to a diet that consists of refined carbohydrates and sugars. 
• Levels above 150 mg/dL are considered elevated. 

What is Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a moldable fat-like substance that is found in every cell inside the body. It plays a vital role in producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that help in digesting foods. Although, having a high level of cholesterol in the bloodstream can increase the risk of heart disease. It can move through the blood on proteins called lipoproteins. These two types are the ones most people hear about, they are low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). 

Key Points about Cholesterol: 

• LDL is usually known as “bad cholesterol” because it can bring on a buildup in the arteries. 
• HDL is “good cholesterol” because it can help in removing it from the bloodstream. 
• A total level lower than 200 mg/dL is generally considered healthy. 

Triglycerides and Cholesterol: How Are They Different?

When it comes to knowing how to manage your heart health, understanding the difference between triglycerides and cholesterol is key. Both of them are types of lipids (fats) that are found in the bloodstream but they each serve different purposes and carry their unique health risks, knowing the difference is vital for proper treatment.

Although both triglycerides and cholesterol are types of lipids that circulate the body via the bloodstream, they do have a difference in each of their functions in the body. Triglycerides mainly store unused calories and provide energy, while for the other it’s used to build cells and make certain hormones. Both of these are necessary for life, but when their levels get drastically elevated, they can become a very high-risk factor for heart disease. 

Key Difference: 

• Function: Triglycerides store energy, while on the other hand, while for the other one is involved in building cells. 
• Health Risks: High triglyceride levels are connected to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, while high levels are associated with heart disease and stroke. 

We know the difference, that triglycerides act as the body’s energy reserve. It turns unused calories into fat that can later be used to tap into at a later time when the body requires it for energy. However, a difference is noted when consuming more calories than the ones that can burn, particularly from a source of refined sugars and carbohydrates, which can cause the triglyceride levels to rise. A high triglyceride count can lead to some very serious health conditions like heart disease, fatty liver disease, and pancreatitis. 

Doing tests and managing and having control over triglyceride levels usually involves lifestyle changes, these can range from eating a balanced diet, doing regular exercise, and limiting alcohol consumption, which can make all the difference in adopting said changes more easily.

While it is essential for building cells and producing certain hormones, the difference is not all completely “good”. In some cases low-density lipoprotein (LDL), also known as “bad cholesterol”, can build itself up in the arteries, range from blockages that increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. On the other hand, the difference in having a high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or “good cholesterol”, helps remove it from the bloodstream, lowering risk. Managing levels typically consists of minimizing the amount of saturated fats in your diet, quitting smoking, exercising, and in some cases taking certain medications like statins. 

What Causes High Triglycerides and Cholesterol? 

Several factors can lead to high levels. Lifestyle choices, diet, and genetics also play a role, knowing the difference can aid in its rapid treatment. 

Common Causes of High Triglycerides: 

• Eating too many refined carbohydrates and sugary foods. 
• Being overweight or obese.
• No physical activity.
• Smoking or excessive alcohol consumption. 
• Uncontrolled diabetes. 

Common Causes of High Cholesterol: 

• Diets high in saturated fats and trans fats. 
• Lack of exercise.
• Smoking.
• Family history.
• Certain medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism. 

If you feel you’re at risk due to genetics, lifestyle, or underlying conditions like diabetes, it’s critical to keep an eye on your triglyceride and cholesterol levels often, monitoring the range, blood tests can help track your progress.

While the right type of diet, exercise, and medical treatments can make range, they all offer to make a huge difference in achieving a lower risk of heart disease. 

For individuals who struggle with obesity, and losing weight, elevated range levels of both triglycerides and cholesterol are very common. The good news is that bariatric surgery, gastric bypass, or a gastric sleeve, range and make a difference in drastically improving lipid levels. At LIMARP, our comprehensive bariatric program offers personalized solutions that range from going beyond weight loss — they help patients achieve long-term heart health by addressing underlying issues like high triglycerides and cholesterol. 

At LIMARP, we are the difference in comprehensive bariatric programs, we offer a range of personalized solutions that go beyond weight loss — they help patients achieve long-term heart health by addressing underlying issues like high triglycerides and cholesterol.

What Are the Health Risks of High Triglycerides and Cholesterol?

Both high triglycerides and high cholesterol range levels are dangerous for your health, especially when they happen at the same time, they may have some level of difference of which certain issues can notably raise the risk of heart disease. 

Health Risks of High triglycerides: 

• Pancreatitis: Having a very high range of triglycerides can cause inflammation of the pancreas. 
• Heart disease: A high-range triglyceride count is often a sign of other conditions that increase the risk of heart disease. 
• Fatty liver: Excess triglycerides can lead to a range of comorbidities such as fatty liver disease, which can advance liver damage. 

Health Risks of High Cholesterol: 

• Atherosclerosis: Cholesterol can build up in the walls of the arteries, narrowing or blocking arteries. 
• Heart attack: High-range triglycerides are often a sign of other conditions that bring about a heart attack. 
• Stroke:  Cholesterol buildup inside the arteries providing blood to the brain can result in a stroke. 

How Can You Lower Triglycerides and Cholesterol?

Managing triglyceride and cholesterol levels range from lifestyle changes and in certain cases medications, but it does make a difference in obtaining a healthier outcome. Frequent checkups are vital for understanding where you stand and what measures you can take to maintain healthy levels. 

Ways to Lower Triglycerides: 

•  Cutting back on sugar and refined carbohydrates: Reducing the range of intake of sugary foods, sodas, and simple carbs can help lower triglycerides. 
• Exercise regularly: Physical activity can increase HDL (good cholesterol) range and can help in lowering triglycerides. 
• Lose weight: If overweight, even a small fraction of weight loss can help lower your triglyceride levels. 
• Limit alcohol: Excess alcohol consumption can notably increase triglyceride levels. 
• Take medications: In some specific cases, doctors can prescribe a range of treatments, fibrates, niacin, or omega-3 fatty acids to help lower triglycerides. 

Ways to Lower Cholesterol: 

• Eating heart-healthy foods: Opt for foods that range low in both saturated fat and trans fats, including a wider range of fiber-rich foods like oats, fruits, and vegetables. 
• Exercise: As with triglycerides, regular physical activity can raise HDL cholesterol and lower LDL cholesterol range.  
• Quit smoking: Smoking lowers the range in good cholesterol, so the difference in quitting is a vital option for heart health. 
• Managing stress: Chronic stress can negatively impact good cholesterol levels, so finding a range of ways to wind down and relax can be helpful. 
• Taking statins: When lifestyle changes just aren’t enough, a doctor may prescribe statins to lower cholesterol.
  

Bariatric Surgery and Lipid Levels 

For individuals struggling with obesity, weight loss through bariatric surgery can dramatically affect triglyceride and cholesterol range levels in the body.

Studies show that procedures like gastric bypass and gastric sleeve surgery, can greatly lower triglyceride range levels and improve cholesterol overall.

This happens because weight loss can help improve the body’s metabolism and reduce the range of inflammation, both can contribute to better managing lipids. 

Benefits of Bariatric Surgery on Triglycerides and Cholesterol

• Lower Triglycerides: Weight loss can lead to improving insulin sensitivity and range in a difference of reduction in triglyceride production. 
• Improved Cholesterol: Bariatric surgery makes a difference as it can increase HDL and decrease LDL, this range can provide better overall heart health. 

How Can You Monitor Triglycerides and Cholesterol?

Keeping an eye on triglyceride and cholesterol levels regularly is vital and can make all the difference, especially if there is a history of heart disease and other related conditions. A healthcare provider can perform a lipid panel, this can help measure the levels of triglycerides, LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol in the body overall. 

Steps that Can be Taken to Monitor Levels

• Regular blood tests: Asking a doctor for a lipid panel test, that can be done during routine checkups. 
• Understand your numbers: Understanding what the results mean is a major difference to understanding whether levels are within a healthy range. 
• Track progress: If working to lower your triglycerides and cholesterol, keep track of your results over time to see improvements. 

FAQs About Triglycerides and Cholesterol

Contact

If you need more information on how LIMARP can help you manage your triglycerides, cholesterol, and your overall heart health with bariatric surgery or want to know more about our personalized treatments, contact us today. Our team of professionals is dedicated to providing you with the highest quality care and support, in our state-of-the-art facility in Tijuana.  

Resources

• American Heart Association: Understanding Fats and Cholesterol
• National Institutes of Health: Cholesterol Levels and Heart Health
• Mayo Clinic: Triglycerides – Why Do They Matter?

Bariatric surgery at LIMARP can be a crucial step in improving not just your weight, but your heart health too. Get in touch with us today to explore your options!

Abdominal distension can be noticeable by a distended abdomen, it’s a very common issue and one that many people have to face at some point in their lives. It can be alarming when your stomach quickly appears bigger and often comes together with some symptoms such as discomfort or even pain. Understanding what the causes of underlying issues are, and options for the right type of treatment can help you manage this condition a lot better. In this blog, we will talk about the ups and downs of abdominal distension, how to be able to tell the difference from bloating and talk about the various types of remedies and treatment options that are currently open to address this issue. 

What is Abdominal Distension? 

Abdominal distension tends to happen when the stomach starts to feel full and tiger, making swelling visible. This condition can be uncomfortable, and at some times even painful. But what exactly causes a distended abdomen? There are many reasons and all can widely vary, from dietary factors to gastrointestinal disorders. 

Distension meaning can be quite different, this is baked in the context that in medical terms, it refers to the abnormal size or “ballooning” of the abdominal area. This type of enlargement can result from gas, fluids, or even foods that the body has found difficult to digest. When the abdomen is distended, the stomach will look noticeably larger, with a feeling of tightness or general discomfort and cramps in your midsection. This discomfort often makes people seek out bloated stomach remedies, hoping for a quick fix. 

Causes of Abdominal Distension

There are several factors that can contribute to abdominal distension, from dietary habits to medical conditions. Here are some of the most typical causes: 

• Overeating: Just consuming large meals, like those high in fat or fiber, can cause the stomach to swell for a while as the body works to digest the food. This is what often causes both loathing and distension to appear. 
• Gas and Bloating: Gas can build up in the stomach but if not it can also build up in the intestines, this is a common cause of bloating and distension. this is because of swallowing air while eating, drinking highly carbonated beverages, or eating any foods that can cause gas as their being digested. 
• Constipation: When feces builds up in the intestines, it causes the abdomen to be distended. Although constipation is commonly paired with a bloated stomach, this combination can be very uncomfortable, leading to many people searching for bloated stomach remedies. 
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): IBS is a chronic condition that can affect the large intestine and leads to other symptoms such as cramps, abdominal pain, boating, and any changes in the patient’s bowel habits. A lot of people with IBS have frequent abdominal distension. 
• Ascites: With this condition the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity is more noticeable. This is often due to liver disease or some other sort of serious health issue. 
• Food Intolerance: Some types of foods, such as dairy or gluten, can contribute to bloating and abdominal distension in people who are intolerant to them. This happens because the body isn’t able to properly digest the substances, thus leading to discomfort during a bloating period. 
• Medical Conditions: Some conditions such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and certain types of cancers can all lead to constant abdominal distension. If the abdominal distension is constant or comes along with other symptoms, these may be concerning so it’s important to seek out medical advice from a healthcare professional. 

Treatment Options for Abdominal Distension

Dealing with abdominal distension can be quite stressful, but there are various ways and treatment options available. Depending on the issue that is at hand, we will break down both some home remedies and medical treatments that can be used to help alleviate the feeling of discomfort that comes as a symptom of a distended abdomen.

Home Treatments

For cases where there is mild abdominal distension, those that are caused by diet or temporary digestion issues, home treatments can be surprisingly effective: 

• Changes in diet: Changing your diet is one of the easiest ways to control abdominal distension. Reducing any type of foods that can cause gas, like beans, broccoli, and carbonated drinks can really help. Also, eating smaller portions, and having meals more frequently instead of eating large ones can also prevent overeating, this reduces the chances of distension. All of these changes can also take care of what causes bloating in the stomach, eliminating the need for bloated stomach remedies in the first place. 
• Hydration: Drinking plenty of water can help keep your digestive system functioning perfectly, this prevents any constipation and reduces the chances of bloating and distension. Proper hydration is key to relieving cramps, which are often associated with a bloating period. 
• Physical Activity: Exercising regularly, especially with activities such as walking or yoga, can really help get digestion going, and help relieve gasses and constipation. Even just a short walk after eating can help in reducing bloating and abdominal distension.
• Over-the-counter remedies: There are quite a few different over-the-counter medications that can help out with bloating and gas. Some examples are simethicone, it’s a popular anti-gas medication, and some fiber supplements can relieve constipation as well. But the important thing is to use these products as consulted by a healthcare provider if you’re not sure as to what to take.

Medical Treatment

If the remedies don’t seem to be giving any relief, or if you feel your abdominal distension is severe and persistent, it is time to seriously consider getting medical treatment: 

• Prescription Medicine: Depending on the underlying causes of your abdominal distension, your doctor may prescribe you some medications, to take care of it. For instance, if IBS were to be causing the symptoms, then medication to control bowel movements, less gut sensitivity, or getting rid of the cramps might be recommended for you. 
• Diagnostics and Tests: If it’s your abdominal wall that is swelling up it may be likely that it’s also giving you other symptoms like unexplained weight loss, severe pain, or blood in your stool, your doctor may see it necessary to make some diagnostic tests. The tests could include blood tests, imaging studies such as ultrasounds or CT scans, and also might or might not do some endoscopic procedures to get a closer look at the digestive system and track. 
• Surgical Options: In some rare cases, surgery may be needed to fix the cause of the underlying abdominal distention. This could be the case if you have any sort of obstruction, a severe gastrointestinal disease, or any other serious conditions that can cause more persistent bloating and distension. 

What is the Difference Between DIstension and Bloating?

Although the terms “distension” and “bloating” are commonly used to refer to this condition, they are not the same. Distension is referred to as the physical swelling or an enlargement of the abdomen, while bloating is more for the feeling of fullness or tightness that often comes together with distension. 
When people refer to bloating meaning, it relates to feeling a kind of pressure or gas in the stomach, this may or may not cause some visible welling. It’s more likely than you think, to feel bloated without your abdomen looking distended. However, when the abdomen is distended, bloating is a common symptom. 
Bloating can be a symptom of distension, but this might not always be the case, not every time there is bloating, does it result in a swollen abdomen that is clearly visible. Understanding the difference can help in describing any symptoms to a healthcare provider and finding the necessary treatment. Also, knowing what causes bloating in the stomach in the first place, can be critical in controlling and managing both bloating and distension, as it’s essential during a bloating period. 

How Long Does It Take for a Distended Stomach to Go Away?

The amount of time it takes for abdominal distension to go away depends on its root cause. If you happen to have a distended stomach, it can be due to something like overeating or gas, it may fix itself within a few hours, to at most a day as your body tries to process the food or any gas passing through your system. When the cause of constipation is related to distension, it may take up to a day or two for the swelling to fully subside and also once you’ve had a bowel movement. Thus many people feeling cramps or discomfort during this time will probably look for bloated stomach remedies to speed up this process. 

Contact

If you’re experiencing persistent abdominal distension, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause and the best treatment plan. At LIMARP, our experienced team is dedicated to helping you achieve optimal digestive health and overall well-being. We can help you navigate through bloating periods, cramps, and find the most effective bloated stomach remedies tailored to your needs.

Resources

For more information on abdominal distension and other related topics, check out these resources:

• Cleveland Clinic: Abdominal Distension
• Healthline: Swollen Abdomen
• Mount Sinai: Swollen Abdomen

Kidney stones are a very common health issue that can lead to feelings of pain and discomfort. Kidney stones are small, hard deposits formed inside the kidneys and are made up of minerals and salts and can cause great discomfort as they move through the urinary tract. Although kidney stones can affect anyone, understanding the different types of kidney stones causes, and why associating kidney stones symptoms can be critical in treating or even preventing this entire condition effectively. At LIMARP, our leading bariatric clinic in Tijuana, Mexico, we offer state-of-the-art kidney stones treatment to help patients overcome this concerning condition. 

Kidney Stones Symptoms 

Being able to identify any kidney stone symptoms early on can make a big difference in the treatment you end up taking and the recovery overall.  Some kidney stone symptoms tend to include a feeling of severe sharp pain in the side and on the back, just below the ribs. This kind of pain can go all over the lower abdomen and ground and may come in the way of waves, varying in intensity as the stone will move through the urinary tract. Other types of symptoms may include feelings of nausea, vomiting, and persistent discomfort when urinating. 

Changes that occur in urine are also a very common symptoms. You may notice that your urine begins to look cloudy, has a strong smell, or can contain blood, making it look like a pink, red or even brown colored. These symptoms should not be overlooked, as they are common indicators of the presence of a kidney stone that requires medical attention. 

The Importance of Early Detection 

Being able to identify kidney stones early on is vital for an effective treatment and thus will aid in preventing complications. As it was mentioned earlier in the blog, symptoms commonly include a feeling of severe pain in the back, the side, or in the lower part of the abdomen. These symptoms are often seen together with changes in the urine color and the consistency. However apart from these obvious signs, there are also subtle symptoms that may go undetected until the condition has progressed. 

Another of the most overlooked types of symptoms is when there’s a constant need to urinate. Even if it’s just a very small amount of urine that passes through each time. This symptom is very common in women, when it’s possible to mistake the diagnosis for a urinary tract infection, a very serious complication that requires medical attention as soon as possible. 

Having an understanding of what are the first sings of kidney stones can help patients seek medical attention before the condition gets much worse. An early detection not only just helps make treatment much more straightforward, but it can also help reduce teh risk of long-term kidney damage.

Kidney Stones Symptoms in Women

Symptoms in women are sometimes more challenging to properly give a diagnosis, as they may act as other conditions, for example, urinary tract infections or reproductive health issues. Some women may feel pain in the lower abdomen, this can very easily be mistaken for menstrual cramps or any other set of gynecological problems. This extends over other symptoms that can delay the diagnosis and treatment in women, it’s critical to recognize these specific types of symptoms in women. 

Some other common symptoms in women can include a rise and constant need for urination and also a burning sensation when urinating. These types of symptoms are frequently associated with a urinary tract infection but they can also be symptoms, and especially if they come along with feelings of severe pain. Knowing about these unique symptoms in women is vital for receiving effective kidney stones treatment in time. 

Types of Kidney Stones

There are various types of kidney stones, every one of them with their own unique characteristics, and causes. Being aware of the specific types can greatly help lead to the correct type of strategies for treatment and for prevention. 

• Calcium Stones: One of the most common types of these stones are mostly composed of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate. These are the types that are typically related to dietary factors, like in the case of a high intake of oxalates that are found in certain foods as the case with spinach and nuts.   
• Struvite Stones: These types of kidney stones are often related to urinary tract infections and can grow quickly, turning out to be quite large. Struvite stones are commonly formed with a few notable symptoms until they become alarming or an issue. 
• Uric Acid Stones: These types of kidney stones are formed because of high levels of uric acid in urine. They are frequently linked with a high-protein diet, gout, and very likely some genetic predisposition. 
• Cystine Stones: These certain types of kidney stones arise in patients with a hereditary disorder called cystinuria, which causes the kidneys to leak too much cystine, which leads to a stone forming. 

Understanding the different types of stones is critical for treatment and its prevention. Each one may need a different approach, and knowing which type you have can lead to better dietary changes and other prevention measures. 

Common Misconceptions About Kidney Stones

There are some misconceptions about causes, and treatment. One common myth is that drinking cranberry juice can help in preventing or treating. Although cranberry juice is often recommended for urinary tract infections, it isn’t as effective against kidney stones and thus can even increase the risk of stones forming in some cases, due to their high oxalate content. 

Another mix-up is that only very specific people are at risk of developing. In fact, kidney stones can affect just about anyone, regardless of their age, gender, or lifestyle. However, some factors like diet, hydration, and genetics all affect the outcome, they do play a role in kidney stone causes, its critical to be aware of anyone who can be susceptible, and make sure all preventive measures are taken by everyone. 

Kidney Stone Causes 

There is a wide range of factors that can contribute to kidney stones causes, with dehydration being one of the most common. When the body is not able to get appropriately hydrated, urine can become more concentrated, this allows minerals and salts to crystallize and form stones.

One’s diet also plays a significant role. A high consumption of salt, sugar, and protein can increase the risk and likelihood of developing certain types of kidney stones. For example, when a diet high in oxalates, which is found in foods such as spinach, rhubarb, and nuts can lead to calcium oxalate stones forming.

Causes are and include, obesity, very specific medical conditions like hyperparathyroidism,  and also digestive diseases. Any surgeries that can alter the digestive tract, this can also increase the risk of it because they affect how the body absorbs calcium water. 

Having a clear understanding of this medical problem is critical to help in preventing and effectively getting the needed treatment. By taking action on these causes, you can minimize the risk of kidney stones forming and maintain a better overall kidney health. 

Kidney Stones Treatment

Treatment may be different depending on the type, and the area of the stone For smaller stones, drinking more water and using pain relievers may be enough. However, larger stones very often do tend to require more intensive kidney stones treatment methods. 

Exploring Non-Surgical Treatment Options

For individuals diagnosed with kidney stones, undergoing any kind of surgery can be intimidating. The good news is that not in all cases require a surgical intervention. There are several options available for non-surgical treatment, especially for smaller stones, or those that are likely to pass naturally.

• Medications: Certain medications can aid in controlling any symptoms and they can help in passing the stones. Alpha-blockers can relax the ureter muscles, so the stone can easily pass. Pain relievers are also usually prescribed to help relieve the discomfort that comes with symptoms. 
• Hydration Therapy: Increasing your fluid consumption can greatly help with treatment. Drinking more water can help flush the stones in the body, while also preventing new stones from forming. Commonly it’s recommended to drink enough water as to produce at the very least 2 liters of urine per day. 
• Dietary Adjustments: Certain foods can directly contribute to kidney stones. Adjusting your diet can lower the risk of stone formation. Individuals with a history of uric acid stones, and a diet low in purines (such as red meat and shellfish) are recommended. 

When Surgery Becomes Necessary

While can be treated without needing surgery, there are instances where surgery is unavoidable. This is especially true for bigger stones that are not as likely to pass on their own, or if the stone is causing severe symptoms or blocking the urinary tract.

• Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL): This is a non-invasive procedures that uses shock waves to break up the stone into smaller pieces, these pieces can then pass naturally on their own. ESWL is usually the most common treatment option for stones that are located in the kidney or upper ureter. 
• Ureteroscopy: This procedure uses a small scope that is inserted into the ureter to search for the stone. Once located the stone can be broken up with a laser or entirely removed. Ureteroscopy is usually done for the stones that are stuck in the lower urinary tract. 
• Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: This is a surgical procedure that is reserved for when the stone is very large or complex. This method involves making a small incision in the back as to directly remove the stone from the kidney. Although it is a more invasive method, this procedure is highly effective for stones that can’t be treated with any other methods. 

The Role of Follow-Up Care

After treatment, follow-up care is vital to prevent the stones from forming again. Patients are usually advised to have regular check-ups, as well as including imaging tests, to make sure no new stones are forming in the body. Keeping an eye on blood and urine tests can also help in finding any underlying conditions which can contribute to stones forming, such as hypercalciuria (an excess of calcium in the urine) or hyperuricemia (the excess of uric acid in the blood). 

How to Prevent Kidney Stones

The following are some tips on how to prevent kidney stones:

• Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water is vital in diluting the substances that can lead up to stone formation. Try to drink at least 8-10 glasses a day. 
• Limit Salt and Sugar: A high salt and sugar intake leads to most kidney stone causes, so consuming less can help prevent these stones. 
• Monitor Protein Intake: Minimizing animal protein intake can lower the risk of developing uric acid stones.
• Eating Calcium-Rich Foods: It may seem contradictory, but consuming enough calcium can help prevent stones from forming by binding with oxalate in the intestines, this helps prevent it from reaching the kidneys. 

Following these guidelines on how to prevent it, you can greatly reduce the risks and maintain optimal kidney health. Even though the main point is on treatment, it is just as important to understand the prevention methods and strategies to manage and reduce the risk of reappearance.

Contact

If you feel you are experiencing symptoms or want to learn more about treatment, contact us at LIMARP. Our expert team in Tijuana, Mexico, is ready to guide you from diagnosis to kidney stones treatment and prevention. We understand the pain and discomfort associated with it and are committed to providing the best care possible. Don’t hesitate to reach out to us. We’re here to help you achieve better kidney health and overall well-being.

Resources

For more information on kidney stones treatments, explore the following resources from trusted medical institutions: 

• Mayo Clinic
• Kidney.org
• Cleveland Clinic

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, or GERD is a very common concern, affecting millions of people around the world. It tends to happen when stomach acid flows back into the connecting tube of the mouth and stomach (esophagus). Acid reflux can irritate the esophagus and lead to uncomfortable symptoms. GERD symptoms might not be an inconvenience for some, but for others, it’s a chronic and severe condition that can greatly impact one’s daily life. If you’re dealing with frequent heartburn or a more constant issue, knowing about gastroesophageal reflux disease is the first step in managing it effectively. 

In this blog, we will explore causes, symptoms, and treatments. We will also talk about certain scenarios, like GERD in babies or adults, as well as the dietary plans that can make a great impact on your quality of life,  from lifestyle adjustments to medical procedures like surgery.

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Una publicación compartida por Liza María Pompa Gonzalez (@dra.pompa)

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD) Diseases Causes

Understanding what are the root of causes, is critical in dealing with and preventing it. The condition is usually a result of a failure in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscle that acts as if it were a valve between the esophagus and stomach. When it doesn’t close properly, the stomach acids can flow back into the esophagus, which causes irritation and if they lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms. 

Some of the common GERD causes include: 

• Dietary choices: Certain types of foods and drinks can relax the LES, making you more likely to experience reflux. These common foods include junk food, spicy foods, chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol. 
• Obesity: Obesity lead to excess weight in the abdominal area, can put pressure on the stomach and make acid go back into the esophagus. 
• Smoking: Smoking weakens the LES and increases acid production in the stomach. 
• Hiatal Hernia: This condition, causes a part of the stomach to push up through the diaphragm and inside the chest cavity, hiatal hernia can also cause LES to malfunction. 
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and pressure on the stomach, from the uterus growing can lead to GERD in pregnant women. 
• Certain Medications: Medicine like aspirins, ibuprofen, and specific muscle relaxers can irritate the esophagus or make the LES relax and trigger symptoms. 

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD) Symptoms

Knowing the most common symptoms is essential for early intervention and treatment. While frequent heartburn is common, nonstop symptoms may demonstrate a more serious issue. The most well-known GERD symptoms include frequent heartburn, regurgitation, and difficulty swallowing. However, there are additional gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms that can vary in severity depending on the individual:

Here are nine common GERD symptoms: 

• Heartburn: A sensation of burning in the chest, usually after eating, which may get worse at night. 
• Regurgitation: A bitter-tasting or sour acid backing up in the throat or mouth. 
• Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia): This is the feeling of being stuck in your throat or chest. 
• Chest Pain: Even though it is often mistaken for heart problems, chest pain can be also symptom of this problem. 
• Chronic Cough: A persistent cough that doesn’t go away, especially after eating. 
• Sore Throat: A constant feeling of irritation and soreness in the throat. 
• Hoarseness: A raspy or hoarse voice, most common in the mornings. 
• The feeling of a Lump in the Throat (Globus Sensation): A feeling of sensing a lump in your throat without any type of obstruction.
• Nausea: Getting the feeling of sickness, especially after meals. 

If you feel like you experience any of these symptoms regularly, it’s vital to consult a healthcare professional. If left without treatment, can pave the way to more severe health issues such as esophagitis, stricture, or even Barrett’s esophagus, a condition that can increase the risk of esophageal cancer. 

GERD Diseases in Infants

This medical problem isn’t just a concern for adults, it can also affect children. In babies is pretty common, as their digestive systems are still growing. However, it’s vital to be able to tell apart from normal infant reflux, which most children outgrow, but in the case of GERD, it may require a medical intervention. GERD in babies can lead to respiratory issues or nutritional deficiencies. For parents, it’s essential to recognize these symptoms and consult a pediatrician for appropriate gastroesophageal reflux disease treatments for their child.

Symptoms of GERD in babies can include: 

• Frequently vomiting or spitting up
• Irritability during or after feedings
• Refusing to eat or having difficulty eating
• Poor weight gain
• Coughing, wheezing, or trouble breathing

If you think that your baby might have this problem, talk to a pediatrician for an evaluation. Treatment can involve changes in diet, adjusting feedings, or in more severe cases, using medication. 

GERD in Adults 

GERD in adults is usually linked to factors in lifestyle and underlying health issues. While this reflux can occasionally happen to anyone, persistent symptoms are signs that something more serious might be going on. GERD in adults manifests as persistent heartburn, chest pain, or difficulty swallowing. Adult cases of gastroesophageal reflux disease are often tied to lifestyle factors like diet, smoking, and obesity. Recognizing gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms early can prevent complications like esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagus, which increases the risk of esophageal cancer.

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD) Treatments

Managing GERD effectively often requires a combination of lifestyle changes, diet changes, and medical interventions. Gastroesophageal reflux disease treatments can vary because the symptoms may vary depending on the needs of each patient. Here you can take a closer look at how you can manage it and long-term strategies to keep the symptoms at bay.

Lifestyle Changes

• Elevating the head of your bed: Sleeping with your head in an angle and elevated, while sleeping can reduce or even prevent acid reflux during the night.
• Eat smaller meals: Larger meals can put more pressure on the LES, eating smaller portions or even smaller meals more frequently can help in reducing or preventing the symptoms. 
• Avoid lying down after meals: waiting at least 2 to 3 hours after eating, before laying down will let your stomach digest your meal. 

GERD Diet

Your diet plays a crucial role in GERD symptoms, not properly managing your diet will allow certain foods that can trigger or worsen the symptoms, while others can help alleviate and prevent any discomfort. Here we have some recommendations for a GERD diet. 

• Following a healthy diet can provide significant relief. Avoid foods that can trigger GERD, like spicy foods, chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol, this is crucial for managing symptoms. 
• Incorporate foods that can help reduce acids, these are, ginger, bananas, oatmeal, and green vegetables, which can all help decrease or eliminate acid reflux. 

Foods to Avoid 

• Spicy foods: These types of foods can irritate the esophagus and can increase the production of acids. 
• Chocolate: They contain caffeine and theobromine, they both relax the LES. 
• Caffeine: In coffee, tea, and certain sodas, caffeine triggers acid reflux. 
• Alcohol: Alcohol can relax the LES and this produces more stomach acid. 
• Fried or fatty foods: These foods can slow digestion, increasing the chances of acid reflux. 
• Citrus fruits: Certain fruits like oranges, lemons, and other citrus fruits. These are high in acids and can worsen GERD symptoms. 
• Tomatoes and tomato-based products: They are also high in acids and can cause heartburn and reflux.

Foods you can Include: 

• Ginger: It’s known for having anti-inflammatory properties, but ginger can help minimize GERD. 
• Oatmeal: Considered a good source, oatmeal can absorb stomach acids and reduce symptoms. 
• Bananas and melons: These foods are low-acid fruit and they are gentle on the stomach. 
• Green vegetables: Asparagus, broccoli, and green beans are foods low in acid but they are rich in fiber. This makes them a great addition to a GERD-friendly diet. 
• Lean proteins: Chicken, turkey, and fish are all foods that have lower chances of causing acid reflux than fatty meats. 

Medications 

• Antacids: These can help give quick relief, neutralizing stomach acid. 
• H2 Blockers: These can aid in reducing the amount of acid your stomach is producing. 
• Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): These are a much stronger acid blockers, that can help promote the esophagus to heal. 

GERD Surgery

For individuals suffering from severe GERD symptoms and when managing well with lifestyle changes and medications, just doesn’t cut it, this may be a good option to look into. Looking for a professional and certified group of medical experts for GEARD treatment is important. Procedures such as fundoplication, in which the top of the stomach wraps around the LES, thus strengthening the valve and preventing acid reflux. 

Surgery is often recommended as a last resort of treatment, it can really be an effective method for individuals with severe or persistent symptoms. One of the typical surgical treatments is fundoplication. In this procedure, the surgeon wraps the top part of the stomach surrounding the LES to help the valve reinforce thus reducing the acid reflux. 

A LINX procedure is another viable option the LINX device implantation is a ring of very little magnetic beads placed around the LES to aid in staying together when it should, this prevents teh acid from flowing back to the esophagus. 

These procedures are usually recommended to treat severe symptoms, as complications like Barrett’s esophagus have developed, or changes in lifestyle habits and medication just don’t prove to be enough relief.

There are surgery options, for patients who don’t respond well to traditional treatments. GERD surgery can offer a permanent solution. Often includes options such as fundoplication, once the top of the stomach is wrapped around the LES it can prevent acid from coming back up again. This procedure is a long-term fix for patients suffering these gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms, if they do not respond well to non-invasive treatments. Even with newer procedures, like the LINX device, which can provide extra options for GERD treatments. 

By knowing about these symptoms, and GERD causes early on and incorporating appropriate GERD treatments. Some individuals can greatly improve their quality of life. In any case through lifestyle changes, medications, or even GERD surgery, patients can have a variety of options to control this condition effectively. 

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of individuals around the world, it can affect infants to adults. Being able to recognize these typical GERD symptoms is a critical part of controlling the condition efficiently. Some of the most well-known gastroesophageal reflux, include heartburn, regurgitation, chest pains, difficulty swallowing, and a cough that doesn’t go away. These symptoms may seem mild at the beginning but they can get worse over time, especially if it’s left untreated. 

Contact

If you or a loved one are struggling with symptoms, LIMARP offers specialized gastroesophageal reflux disease treatments that can help you manage and alleviate your discomfort. From lifestyle guidance to advanced surgical options like surgery, our clinic provides various effective solutions tailored to your needs. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and take the first step toward long-lasting relief.

Resources

For more information on GERD symptoms, treatments, or the impact of in babies and adults, visit the following trusted medical resources:

• Johns Hopkins Medicine: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
• Mayo Clinic: GERD Symptoms and Causes
• Cleveland Clinic: Acid Reflux and GERD

The gallbladder is a very small yet vital organ, which plays a key role in the digestion of fats. Many individuals don’t think about something like this until major complications arise, such as gallbladder disease or stones. In this blog, we will explore its function, the most common conditions that affect it, as well as treatment options, including surgery and removal. 

What Is The Gallbladder?

The gallbladder is a small pear-shaped organ located beneath the liver. Small in size but it plays an important role in digestion by storing bile, which is a digestive fluid made by the liver. Bile helps the body digest fats, so its function is vital for breaking down these fatty foods. 

Gallbladder Function

The gallbladder function is to store and release bile into the small intestine when eating. This bile breaks down the fat molecules into smaller ones, letting the body absorb and use it for energy. If there’s no bile, digesting fat would be a lot more difficult, causing discomfort and nutrient deficiencies. Keeping healthy diet and lifestyle is vital for proper digestion, as when something disrupts this function it often will result in disease. 

Gallbladder Location

Is located on the right side of abdomen, just below the liver. This important placement lets it store the bile and releases it into the bile duct, which then connects to the smaller intestine. Knowing where is located can help identify the source in case of pain or other symptoms associated with disease or infection. 

Types of Gallbladder Disease

Many conditions can affect the gallbladder, this can lead to pain and digestive issues. Here there are some of the most common

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is the inflammation, often caused by stones blocking the bile duct. This condition if left untreated can lead to severe pain, fever, and nausea. cholecystitis can result in serious complications, these can be infection or a rupture, that may require immediate medical attention like gallbladder surgery. 

Gallbladder Stones

Often also known as gallstones, are hardened deposits of bile that form. They can vary in size, from being as small as a grain of sand to as big as a golf ball. Gallstones will block the bile duct, leading to very painful episodes and even potential complications. 

Symptoms of Gallstones

Three of the main reasons for stones are: 

• Pain: An uncomfortable pain in the upper right abdomen, this is often triggered after eating fatty foods. 
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Jaundice, or the yellowing of the skin and the eyes, indicates a bile duct being blocked, and a potential infection. 

Chronic Acalculous Gallbladder Disease

This condition appears when its gets inflamed, without there being the presence of stones. This can cause similar symptoms to gallstones, for instance, pain, but the exact cause for it is unclear. It may be a result of bile flow problems, as such, or function itself, which may potentially require removal. 

Gangrene or Abscesses

In some severe cases of disease, a reduction in blood flow or even an untreated infection can lead to the tissue’s death, also known as gangrene. This results in the forming of abscesses, causing severe life-threatening complications. In such cases, medical attention is needed immediately, such as surgery, is necessary in these cases. 

Symptoms 

Gallbladder Pain

Pain is one of the most frequent symptoms of disease. Usually, it happens in the upper right abdomen and can expand to the back or shoulder. It’s common for this type of pain to intensify after eating fatty or greasy foods, as its function begins to release bile during digestion. A disruption in function can lead to sharp, often longer episodes of pain that signal the existence of stones or an infection. 

Gallbladder Infection

If left untreated a blockage or stones can lead up to infection. The symptoms can include fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting. In the case that the infection gets worse, it can cause abscesses or even a rupture, a very dangerous situation, which often needs immediate removal. 

Treatment

There are treatment options available for gallbladder disease depending on the severity of the condition. In some mild cases, it may be managed with dietary changes, while in much more serious cases surgical intervention may be needed. 

Gallbladder Surgery

Surgery is a common procedure that treats disease, especially in cases where it involves stones or repeated inflammation. The most common of these types of surgeries is a cholecystectomy, which may involve removing it entirely. 

Gallbladder Removal

If disease or stones are causing constant complications or symptoms, removal may be necessary. This procedure is performed laparoscopically, which involves making small incisions through, then the surgeon removes. After the removal, patients usually experience relief from the pain and also the removal of the bile blockages, and with it digestive issues. 

Lifestyle Tips for Maintaining Gallbladder Health

Although gallbladder disease and stones are quite common, there are steps you can take to keep helthy and help you minimize the risk of further complications down the road. With just a few lifestyle changes you can make a huge difference in keeping your function in check, particularly if you’ve ever experienced the symptoms before. 

Diet for Gallbladder Health

Diet plays a crucial role in supporting healthy. Since mainly the function is to help in digesting fat, consuming foods that are easier to break down helps minimize the strain on the organ. These are some dietary recommendations:

• Increase fiber intake: Food that is high in fiber, just as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, all support digestive health and can aid in preventing the formation of stones. 
• Reducing fatty foods: foods high in fat and fried foods, force the gallbladder to work overtime, this increases the chances of blockages and pain. Choose lean proteins and healthy fats, some of these can be found in avocados and fish. 
• Staying hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can aid in diluting bile and lower the chances and risks of developing stones. Dehydration will thicken bile, thus having a greater chance of forming stones.
• Limiting processed foods: Processed and refined carbohydrates can stimulate an overproduction of cholesterol, which is a major component of stones. 

Maintain a Healthy Weight

Being overweight is a major risk factor for an emerging gallbladder disease. Excess body weight will cause the liver to make more cholesterol than needed, which can lead to stones. However, rapid weight loss, especially through crash diets or some other extreme fasting,  this can also trigger gallstone formation. 

If you want to lose weight, you essentially need to do it gradually, and with medical supervision. A steady balanced way of approaching weight loss will help in reducing the risk of straining the function. At LIMARP, our group of experts offer tailored solutions that help patients achieve sustainable weight loss without compromising their overall health.

Regular Exercise 

Physical activity is a very important factor health. Exercising regularly helps keep the digestive system working as it should, this in turn supports bile flow and minimizes the chance of stones. Doing at least 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week periodically will greatly help keep your body and gallbladder in good condition. 

Managing Gallbladder Pain and Symptoms

If you’ve felt pain or have been diagnosed with disease, it is vital to control the symptoms to stay clear of fatty and greasy foods that can reduce episodes of pain. on the other hand, eating smaller, and more frequent meals, can all help in reducing the strain on the gallbladder and help with soothing digestion. 

For individuals who have been diagnosed with stones or disease, talk with your doctor about what treatment options are available for you.

Surgery, such as in the case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, is a frequently used solution for patients with strong recurring symptoms. When the removal is complete, the majority of patients find that their quality of life is improved significantly, and all digestive symptoms begin to lessen over time. 

Post-Surgery Care

After removal, the body adjusts to processing bile in a different way. While some individuals may feel mild digestive changes, like loose stools after meals, most are able to adapt very well in the months following surgery. Having a low-fat and high-fiber diet during recovery can greatly ease the transition and also help healing. 

Contact

If you’re experiencing symptoms of gallbladder disease or considering surgery, LIMARP is here to provide expert care and guidance. Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can help you achieve better health.

Resources

For more information on gallbladder function, symptoms, and treatments, check out the following resources:

• Johns Hopkins Medicine
• Mayo Clinic
• Cleveland Clinic

Understanding Hernias: Types, Symptoms, and Treatment Options for Inguinal, Umbilical, Hiatal, Femoral, Epigastric, Ventral, Abdominal Hernias, and How Surgery Can Help

Hernias are a common but often misunderstood medical condition that can affect anyone, regardless of age or gender. They occur when an organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue, causing a noticeable bulge or swelling. Although hernias can be painful and uncomfortable, they are usually not immediately life-threatening. However, they do require attention, and in some cases, hernia surgery might be necessary to prevent complications.

In this blog, we will explore what hernias are, why they occur, how to recognize hernia symptoms, and the different types of hernias that can affect the body, including inguinal hernia, umbilical hernia, hiatal hernia, femoral hernia, epigastric hernia, ventral hernia, and abdominal hernia. We will also discuss when to be concerned about a hernia, how long one can last without surgery, and what to expect from hernia surgery.

What is a Hernia and Why Does It Occur?

A hernia occurs when an organ, usually part of the intestine, protrudes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. This can happen in various parts of the body, most commonly in the abdomen, groin, or diaphragm. The primary reason hernias occur is due to a combination of pressure and a weakness in the muscle or connective tissue. This weakness can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired due to factors such as aging, injury, surgery, or repeated strain.

Some common risk factors for developing a hernia include:

• Heavy lifting: Straining the muscles through lifting heavy objects can increase the risk of developing a hernia.
• Chronic coughing or sneezing: Persistent coughing or sneezing can put pressure on the abdominal muscles, leading to an abdominal hernia.
• Obesity: Excess weight can strain the abdominal muscles, making them more susceptible to ventral hernias and inguinal hernias.
• Pregnancy: The pressure of carrying a baby can weaken the abdominal muscles, increasing the likelihood of an umbilical hernia.
• Previous surgery: Scarring from previous surgeries can create weak spots in the muscle, which may later become ventral hernias.

Hernia Symptoms

Recognizing hernia symptoms is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. The most common symptom of a hernia is a noticeable lump or bulge in the affected area. This bulge may increase in size when you cough, bend, or lift something heavy, and it may disappear when you lie down.

Other hernia symptoms include:

• Pain or discomfort: Hernias can cause pain or discomfort, especially when bending over, coughing, or lifting. The pain may be sharp or dull, depending on the size and location of the hernia.
• A feeling of heaviness or pressure: Many people with inguinal hernias and ventral hernias describe a sensation of heaviness or pressure in the affected area.
• Burning or aching: Some hernias, such as epigastric hernias and femoral hernias, can cause a burning or aching sensation around the bulge.
• Nausea or vomiting: In severe cases, especially with strangulated hernias, nausea, vomiting, and other hernia symptoms of bowel obstruction can occur.

It is important to note that hernia symptoms can vary depending on the type and location of the hernia. For example, inguinal hernia symptoms typically include a bulge in the groin area, while hiatal hernia symptoms may involve heartburn and difficulty swallowing. Being aware of the specific hernia symptoms can help in identifying the type of hernia and seeking appropriate treatment.

Umbilical Hernia

An umbilical hernia occurs when part of the intestine or fatty tissue pushes through the abdominal wall near the belly button (umbilicus). This type of hernia is more common in infants but can also occur in adults, particularly in women who have had multiple pregnancies or those who are overweight. Umbilical hernia symptoms include a bulge near the belly button that may increase in size when coughing or straining. In most cases, umbilical hernias in children resolve on their own by the age of 2. However, in adults, hernia surgery may be required to repair the hernia and prevent complications.

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia occurs when part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. This type of hernia is more common in older adults and can be associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Hiatal hernia symptoms may include heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain. In many cases, hiatal hernias can be managed with lifestyle changes and medication, but severe cases may require hernia surgery.

Femoral Hernia

A femoral hernia occurs when tissue pushes through the wall of the femoral canal, which is located near the groin and upper thigh. Femoral hernias are less common than inguinal hernias but are more likely to cause complications. They are more common in women, particularly those who are pregnant or obese. Femoral hernia symptoms include a lump in the groin or upper thigh and discomfort in the area. Hernia surgery is usually recommended to repair a femoral hernia, as there is a higher risk of complications such as strangulation.

Epigastric Hernia

An epigastric hernia occurs when fatty tissue pushes through the abdominal wall between the belly button and the lower part of the ribcage. These hernias are often small and may not cause any hernia symptoms. However, they can become painful, especially when the person is bending over or lifting heavy objects. Epigastric hernia symptoms can include discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen. Epigastric hernias can be repaired with hernia surgery if they cause discomfort or complications.

Ventral Hernia

A ventral hernia occurs when tissue pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles. This type of hernia can occur at any location on the abdominal wall and is often associated with previous surgical incisions. Ventral hernia symptoms include a bulge, pain, or discomfort in the affected area. Hernia surgery is usually required to repair a ventral hernia, especially if it is large or causing symptoms.

Abdominal Hernia

An abdominal hernia is a general term for any hernia that occurs in the abdominal area. This can include inguinal hernias, umbilical hernias, epigastric hernias, and ventral hernias, among others. Abdominal hernia symptoms are often characterized by a visible bulge, discomfort, and pain, especially during physical activity. The treatment for an abdominal hernia typically involves hernia surgery, especially if the hernia is large or causing significant symptoms.

Inguinal Hernia

An inguinal hernia is the most common type of hernia and occurs when tissue, usually part of the intestine, pushes through a weak spot in the lower abdominal wall near the groin. Inguinal hernias are more common in men and can be caused by factors such as heavy lifting, chronic coughing, or a congenital weakness in the abdominal muscles. Inguinal hernia symptoms include a bulge in the groin area, pain or discomfort, and a feeling of heaviness or pressure. Inguinal hernias do not heal on their own and often require hernia surgery to prevent complications.

Other Types of Hernia

In addition to the hernias mentioned above, there are several other types of hernias that can occur in different parts of the body. These include:

• Incisional hernia: This type of hernia occurs at the site of a previous surgical incision. It can happen months or even years after surgery, especially if the wound did not heal properly.
• Obturator hernia: A rare type of hernia that occurs in the pelvic area, often causing bowel obstruction. It is more common in older women and can be difficult to diagnose.
• Diaphragmatic hernia: This type of hernia occurs when abdominal organs push through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. It can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life.

When Should You Be Concerned About a Hernia?

While many hernias are not immediately dangerous, certain signs and hernia symptoms indicate that you should seek medical attention promptly. You should be concerned about a hernia if:

• The bulge becomes painful or tender: If the hernia becomes increasingly painful, especially when touched or when performing physical activities, it could be a sign of a complication.
• The bulge changes color: If the bulge turns red, purple, or dark, it may indicate that the herniated tissue is not receiving enough blood, which is a medical emergency.
• You experience nausea, vomiting, or constipation: These hernia symptoms could indicate that the herniated tissue is obstructing the bowel, which requires immediate attention.

How Long Can a Hernia Last Without Surgery?

A hernia can last for months or even years without surgery, especially if it is small and not causing significant hernia symptoms. However, it is important to note that hernias do not heal on their own and can worsen over time. The longer a hernia is left untreated, the greater the risk of complications such as incarceration or strangulation. If you have been diagnosed with a hernia, it is important to discuss your treatment options with your healthcare provider to determine the best course of action.

What is the Most Serious Type of Hernia?

The most serious type of hernia is a strangulated hernia. This occurs when the blood supply to the herniated tissue is cut off, leading to tissue death. A strangulated hernia is a medical emergency that requires immediate hernia surgery. If left untreated, a strangulated hernia can lead to severe complications, including infection, sepsis, and death.

How Do You Tell What Kind of Hernia You Have?

Identifying the type of hernia you have involves a combination of physical examination and medical imaging. Some common indicators of different types of hernias include:

• Inguinal hernia: Typically causes a bulge in the groin area, which may be accompanied by pain or discomfort.
• Umbilical hernia: Causes a bulge near the belly button, which may increase in size when coughing or straining.
• Hiatal hernia: May not cause a visible bulge but can lead to symptoms such as heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain.
• Femoral hernia: Causes a lump near the groin or upper thigh, often with discomfort in the area.
• Epigastric hernia: Causes a bulge between the belly button and the lower part of the ribcage, often with discomfort or pain.

If you suspect you have a hernia and notice any hernia symptoms, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis. They may perform a physical examination and, in some cases, imaging tests such as an ultrasound or CT scan to confirm the diagnosis and determine the type of hernia.

What is the Most Common Hernia in Humans?

The most common type of hernia in humans is the inguinal hernia, which accounts for about 75% of all hernias. Inguinal hernias occur more frequently in men due to the presence of the inguinal canal, which is a natural weak spot in the abdominal wall. Although inguinal hernias can affect women as well, they are much less common in women.

What is the Most Life-Threatening Hernia?

The most life-threatening hernia is a strangulated hernia. As mentioned earlier, a strangulated hernia occurs when the blood supply to the herniated tissue is cut off, leading to tissue death. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate hernia surgery. If left untreated, a strangulated hernia can lead to severe complications, including infection, sepsis, and death.

Hernia Surgery

Surgery is the most effective treatment for a hernia, especially if it is large, painful, or causing complications. There are several types of hernia surgery, including:

• Open surgery: The surgeon makes an incision near the hernia, pushes the protruding tissue back into place, and then repairs the weak spot in the muscle or connective tissue. The incision is then closed with stitches or staples.
• Laparoscopic surgery: The surgeon makes several small incisions in the abdomen and inserts a laparoscope (a thin, flexible tube with a camera) to view the hernia. The surgeon then uses specialized instruments to repair the hernia. Laparoscopic surgery is less invasive than open surgery and typically results in a faster recovery time.
• Robotic surgery: Similar to laparoscopic surgery, but the surgeon uses a robotic system to perform the surgery with greater precision.

Hernia Surgery Benefits

Hernia surgery offers several benefits, including:

• Relief from pain and discomfort: Surgery can alleviate the pain and discomfort associated with a hernia.
• Prevention of complications: Surgery can prevent complications such as incarceration, strangulation, and bowel obstruction.
• Improved quality of life: Many people experience an improvement in their quality of life after hernia surgery, as they can return to normal activities without the fear of the hernia worsening.

Hernia Surgery Recovery

Recovery from hernia surgery varies depending on the type of surgery and the individual’s overall health. In general, most people can return to normal activities within a few weeks after surgery. However, it is essential to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activities until you are fully healed.

Contact

If you are experiencing hernia symptoms or have been diagnosed with a hernia, it is essential to seek medical advice. At LIMARP, our team of experienced surgeons specializes in hernia repair and can provide you with the highest quality care. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and learn more about your treatment options.

Resources

For more information about hernias and their treatment, visit the following websites:

• Cleveland Clinic
• WebMD
• Healthline

Osteoporosis is a common disease, that it’s characterized by bone mineral loss and an increase in bone fragility; It is associated with a decrease in quality of life, because the decreased of mobility because of pain and the deformed limbs. These decreased social interactions that lead to loneliness, isolation, and depression. It affects primarily women, but also affects men, is estimated that it affects 200 million women worldwide (2). This disease is diagnosed based on bone mineral density. The prevention regards on an adequate lifestyle [1][3].

What causes osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis has different origins and it’s classified into primary and secondary. The primary it´s the most common, is seen in persons over 70 years of age and in women that already have their menopause, and is caused by a deficiency of and hormone called estrogen, and a decrease in bone minerals. The secondary is caused most commonly by diseases and tumors. Also by unhealthy lifestyle conditions, habits, prolonged use of glucocorticoids, and depression [2].

Estrogen plays its important in the functioning of the bone, because this hormone helps to prevent the destruction of bone mineral.

Women who already had their menopause, the levels of this hormone decrease, so bone destruction is greater compared to bone remodeling, hence the risk of osteoporosis [4].

In menopause, bone density decreases significantly, which is why women who have already had their menopause have a high risk of osteoporosis. This is why prevention need to start before and during menopause [3].

How osteoporosis can be diagnosed?

To diagnose osteoporosis, the most common way is using a special x-ray test,  taking information at various skeletal sites of the body, to measure bone mineral density. The WHO defines osteoporosis as a density less than 2.5 standard leads below the average value for young, healthy women [1].

What symptoms do osteoporosis have?

The symptoms of osteoporosis include, back pain mostly caused by a fracture on a vertebrate,  decreased body height for the pass of the time, hunched posture or curved upper back, bone fracture and respiratory impairment. Fractures usually occur in vertebrae, arms, and hip [1].

Actions that helps in the prevention of osteoporosis

The prevention of osteoporosis in older age starts in childhood and adolescence because these stages are important in optimal bone formation. The majority of the optimal bone mineralization is from heritable factors, but modifiable factors such as exercise, adequate nutrition, body mass, and hormones affect optimal bone mineral density in adulthood, helping in the prevention of this disease [4].

There are some things that cannot be changed for prevention and increase the risk of having osteoporosis, like: 

• Family history of this disease
• Age
• Race
• Gender
• Genetics

Also premature menopause and loss of ovarian function before menopause [1].

So the prevention of osteoporosis regards by a healthy lifestyle such as adequate nutrition, physical activities, adequate weight, stop smoking, limitate alcohol consumption, adequate calcium and vitamin D consumption and don’t use glucocorticoids by prolonged timeline [3].

Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation

Calcium

This mineral is vital. The body uses it for different functions, such as proper contraction of muscles, giving strength to bones, for nerve impulses, and for heart rhythm regulation. Insufficient intake can cause a low bone mass peak and low bone mineralization.

Because peak adult bone mass is achieved between age 30 and 35 years, elderly people and adolescents must maintain a higher calcium intake [4].

Calcium can be obtained from many foods, some of these are dairy products. Also nuts, dark-green leafy vegetables, dried peas and beans [4].

The WHO recommends an approximate calcium consumption of 800 – 1000 mg per day for women from 19 years of age to the menopause and men aged  between 19 and 65 years . For men and women above 65 years, the recommendations are to consume at least 1200 mg per day [4].

Vitamin D

Vitamin D has an important role maintaining bone health. In combination with some hormones can maintain equilibrated calcium levels in the body and thanks to this mineral, calcium can be absorb in the intestine [4].

The major source of vitamin D is obtained by the exposure of the UV light from the sun. Also there are food that are great sources of this mineral, some examples are liver, margarine, egg, yogurt, cheese, cereal, salty sea oily fish, fortified milk and orange juice [4].

The elderly persons typically have insufficient skin exposure to sunlight and reduced intake of vitamin D. Indoor styles of living and clothing now result in low sun exposure [4].

The recommended daily oral dosage of vitamin D ranges from 400 to 2000 IU.  For people that are 50 years or older the daily recommendations are to take at least 800 to 1000 IU [4].

Calcium and vitamin D by themself don’t have an impact in the prevention of osteoporosis.  The prevention regards on a combined use of both, calcium and vitamin D. It can decrease the frequency of fractures, especially in persons that have a low sun exposure [4].

Lifestyle

The prevention of osteoporosis regards on good lifestyle habits, such as maintaining an ideal body weight, quitting smoking, reducing the intake of alcohol and cola consumption, and performing exercise are beneficial for bone health [4].

Obesity is a state in which the body has abundant fat and a high weight, this condition predisposes the body to a constant inflammatory state, this affects multiple systems, including the quality of bones, it also interferes with the proper functioning of hormones that are protective for the bone.

In addition, people with obesity have a constant deficiency of vitamin D.

In obesity there is an increased risk of falls and multiple falls in people aged >60 years, fractures in the legs, arms and ankles, with high chances of residual disability and lower quality of life. Having an adequate weight will help in the prevention of diseases and falls [4].

Exercises that can help in the prevention of osteoporosis

Exercise is important in the prevention of osteoporosis, because it can improve or maintain bones in all ages and can improve physical function, quality of life, pain, and vitality in persons with osteoporosis. These exercises should be dynamic, exceed a threshold intensity and strain frequency, impose an unusual loading pattern on the bones, and be supported by unlimited nutrient energy [4].

The mechanical stress generated during the exercise, helps in the prevention because can cause certain deformation of bone tissue, which then stimulates the bone remodelation and avoided or delayed osteoporosis [4].

High intensity strength training and low impact weight-bearing exercise are the mainly exercises recommended for the prevention of osteoporosis. For elderly people with a balance disability, exercise, such as muscle strengthening and balance training, should be conducted under the strict supervision of experts. For persons suffering from a fracture, a cautious strategy and a targeted exercise method should be adopted for prevention. People with osteoporosis should avoid performing an impulsive exercise that might cause serious injuries. For people with potential osteoporosis, excessive motion, such as bending or heavy lifting, should be avoided, because instead of helping in prevention, it could lead to injuries [4].

In conclusion, osteoporosis is a condition that mainly affects women after menopause and men over 60 years of age. Having osteoporosis is a limitation, since it causes pain, deformity and a greater risk of fractures, causing limitation of mobility and social isolation. The importance in the prevention of osteoporosis lies in having healthy lifestyle habits, having an adequate weight, exercising, and eating properly. Another good and free technique that helps in the prevention it’s the exposure to sunlight to obtain vitamin D. It is important to implement it from all ages. Doing so will result in stronger bones, in addition to having A healthy lifestyle will helps in the prevention of many diseases.

Contact Us Today

Our team is ready to help you. At LIMARP, patients will always receive warm, sincere and professional
answers. For a free evaluation please call us at (619) 270 8823, fill out a contact form at
our website, or message through any of our social media pages.

References

• [1] Salari, N., Ghasemi, H., Mohammadi, L., Behzadi, M. H., Rabieenia, E., Shohaimi, S., & Mohammadi, M. (2021, October 17). The global prevalence of osteoporosis in the world: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8522202/ 
• [2] Salamanna, F., Contartese, D., Veronesi, F., Martini, L., & Fini, M. (2022, August 10). Osteoporosis preclinical research: A systematic review on comparative studies using ovariectomized sheep. International journal of molecular sciences. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9408715/ 
• [3] Mohammadi, A., Behboodi Moghadam, Z., Ghelichkhani, F., Alidost, F., Naghizadeh, S., Haghparast, Z., & Azizi, M. (2022, September 28). Prevention of osteoporosis in Menopausal women: A systematic review of Nonpharmacological Clinical Trials. Journal of education and health promotion. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9683465/ 
• [4] Chen, L.-R., Hou, P.-H., & Chen, K.-H. (2019, November 20). Nutritional support and physical modalities for people with osteoporosis: Current opinion. Nutrients. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950804/ 
• [5] Gkastaris, K., Goulis, D. G., Potoupnis, M., Anastasilakis, A. D., & Kapetanos, G. (2020, September 1). Obesity, osteoporosis and Bone metabolism. Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7493444/ 

Hypertension or high blood pressure is very common among adults and children, especially in recent years. As you may have noticed from the other articles available on our website, we usually cover how certain diseases or illnesses are directly linked to obesity or being overweight. However, there are other conditions that can affect everyone, regardless of their weight. Hypertension is one of them, as it can be caused by several factors that go beyond the lack of a healthy diet or an active lifestyle. 

The doors of our Tijuana clinic are always open and we receive patients with different backgrounds from both sides of the border. Our multidisciplinary team at LIMARP®, led by Dr. Liza María Pompa González, is here to help you understand the effects of having hypertension, as well as provide all the necessary tools and information to ensure that you lead a healthier lifestyle. 

As always, we’d like to remind you that each case is different and the information presented in this article is general. If you haven’t been diagnosed with hypertension, make sure to visit a doctor first before taking any medication or applying drastic changes to your lifestyle. The treatment should be catered to your needs, as its main objective is to help you be healthier and avoid any life-threatening complications.

What Causes High Blood Pressure?

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated[1]. This condition is usually symptom free, but when hypertension becomes long-term, it is a major risk factor for stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia.

By definition, blood pressure is the measure of force against the artery walls as the heart pumps blood. There are two different types of readings:

• Systolic: The maximum pressure during a heartbeat.
• Diastolic: The minimum pressure during a heartbeat.

Normal blood pressure is considered 120 (systolic) over 80 (diastolic). Any reading over 140/90 is considered high blood pressure. Blood pressure is a great indicator of overall health because if it’s high, it can lead to heart problems and when it’s too low, it can cause dizziness, fainting, and deprive the body of oxygen, leading to heart and brain damage. 

One of the reasons many people want to change their diet is because they’re struggling with high blood pressure. Most of the foods a person tends to consume are highly processed or include a ridiculous amount of salt or added sugars, and while consuming those foods once in a while is not all that bad, eating them regularly does take a toll on a person’s health. At LIMARP®, our medical team counts with licensed nutritionists that can help you achieve your goals. They go over your medical history and talk with you about your expectations to create a nutrition plan that covers all your needs. 

This article will focus on how to lower your blood pressure, as well as a quick dive into what causes your pressure to increase.

Each case is different and it’s important to keep in mind the dietary restrictions you may have. However, if you suffer from any underlying issue that should be addressed in a more thorough way, we recommend you speak to your doctor before implementing any drastic changes to your lifestyle.

Symptoms of High Blood Pressure

In order to know how to lower blood pressure, it’s important to learn to identify the symptoms. As we have mentioned, hypertension is usually symptom free, but a person who wants to know how to lower their blood pressure should look out for the following: 

• Blurred vision
• Nosebleeds
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Dizziness
• Headaches

There are many risk factors for high blood pressure and some of them are manageable [2], such as:

• Smoking
• Processed foods
• Drinking too much alcohol
• Being overweight
• Not exercising

Other risks factors that are not as manageable are:

• Diabetes
• Kidney disease
• Having family with high blood pressure

According to the CDC[3], high blood pressure or hypertension usually develops over time. As we have mentioned, it can happen because of unhealthy lifestyle choices and certain health conditions, such as diabetes and obesity. High blood pressure can also happen during pregnancy.

The Link Between Obesity and High Blood Pressure

There is an undeniable link between obesity and high blood pressure. For example, two-thirds of all people meeting the criteria for obesity are also at a high risk for hypertension. Being overweight affects several systems in the body, including blood volume regulation, levels of sodium, and water retention. As a result, hypertension is a common byproduct of obesity. Having this information, it’s important to consider bariatric surgery as a way to lower blood pressure.

Bariatric surgery is an excellent way to lose weight and take control of your health. In fact, several research studies have concluded that bariatric surgery is a good way to lower blood pressure.

One 2004 article stated that 75 percent of individuals with high blood pressure either improved or eliminated the issue following bariatric surgery.

A 2006 study concluded that weight loss surgery offers significant health benefits regarding hypertension. In fact, more than half of patients with hypertension who underwent bariatric surgery no longer needed their blood pressure medication after the one-year mark, meaning that they successfully lowered their blood pressure.

What Are the Benefits of Lowering Blood Pressure?

Do you want to know how to lower your blood pressure? First, it’s important for you to know that lowering blood pressure helps improve overall health. But what are the specific benefits of knowing how to lower your blood pressure? Here are some important points:

• Reduce the risk of stroke: Hypertension places excessive pressure on the blood vessels. If a vessel in the brain bursts, a stroke can occur. Being aware of this and knowing how to lower your blood pressure can help prevent a stroke from happening.
• Improve heart health: Just as high blood pressure places strain on the vessels, it also places strain on the heart. As a result, patients can have an increased risk of coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, angina, heart attack, or heart failure. Lowering blood pressure allows your heart to work under normal conditions, mitigating any potential damage.
• Enhance vision: Over time, high blood pressure can place strain on the optic nerve, leading to vision problems. Treating hypertension, thus lowering your blood pressure, can reduce the risk for vision issues, such as hypertensive retinopathy.
• Increase kidney health: The kidneys actually produce a hormone that aids in the regulation of high blood pressure. Hypertension damages the kidneys, resulting in a harmful cycle. Lowering your blood pressure can help prevent these issues and reduce the risk of kidney failure.

Foods to Lower Blood Pressure

The food we eat is also very important if we’re learning how to lower your blood pressure. According to the CDC[4] (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), “permanently improving your eating habits requires a thoughtful approach in which you reflect, replace, and reinforce”. These last three words are important because they’re a reminder for you to be patient with your progress and that while quick results may be satisfying, they’re not long-lasting. They’re also not healthy and the point of reversing bad eating habits is to implement a sustainable diet that benefits all aspects of your health. 

Lowering Your Blood Pressure: What to Look For and What to Avoid

Here’s a list of foods that are great for lowering blood pressure and that also make up what’s known as a DASH diet. This diet aims to include 4,700 milligrams of potassium while simultaneously reducing sodium. A 2020 study[5] proved that following this diet can help a person reduce their blood pressure levels.

• Citrus fruits, such as grapefruit, oranges, and lemons.
• Salmon and other fatty fish because of omega-3 acid found in them.
• Swiss chard due to its magnesium levels.
• Beans and lentils, a study[6] showed that they significantly lower high blood pressure.
• Carrots, celery, and tomatoes.
• Greek yogurt.
• Pumpkin and chia seeds.

Now, here’s a list of foods you should avoid to reduce the risk of increasing your blood pressure:

• Deli meat
• Frozen pizza
• Canned products, such as soups 
• Processed foods with trans or saturated fat
• Alcohol

Contact Us to Learn More

If you want to learn more on how to lower blood pressure, schedule an appointment with one of our doctors. We can help determine the right treatment for you. Contact us online anytime or give us a call at (619) 373-0229.

References

[1] Naish J, Court DS (2014). Medical sciences (2 ed.). p. 562. ISBN 9780702052491.

[2] “Hypertension”. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension.  (Accessed May 20, 2023).

[3] “High Blood Pressure Symptoms and Causes”. https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/. (Accessed May 20, 2023).

[4] “Improving Your Eating Habits”. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/losing_weight/eating_habits.html. (Accessed May 20, 2023). 

[5] Christina D Filippou, Costas P Tsioufis, Costas G Thomopoulos, Costas C Mihas, Kyriakos S Dimitriadis, Lida I Sotiropoulou, Christina A Chrysochoou, Petros I Nihoyannopoulos, Dimitrios M Tousoulis, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet and Blood Pressure Reduction in Adults with and without Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials, Advances in Nutrition, Volume 11, Issue 5, September 2020, Pages 1150–1160, https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa041

[6] Jayalath VH, de Souza RJ, Sievenpiper JL, Ha V, Chiavaroli L, Mirrahimi A, Di Buono M, Bernstein AM, Leiter LA, Kris-Etherton PM, Vuksan V, Beyene J, Kendall CW, Jenkins DJ. Effect of dietary pulses on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials. Am J Hypertens. 2014 Jan;27(1):56-64. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpt155. Epub 2013 Sep 7. PMID: 24014659; PMCID: PMC5391775.

Is sitting similar to smoking? Many people believe so. Did you know that smoking was previously viewed as healthy? Advertisements for several cigarette brands used to promise consumers that smoking would actually benefit their health and promote weight loss. It wasn’t until years later that the truth about the risks and consequences of smoking actually came to light and drastic measures have been taken ever since to prevent and reduce the dangers that it can bring. Now, the consequences, from breathing problems to cancer, are widely known and continuously researched to provide responsible information to the consumer, thus reducing the amount of smoking they partake in.

Now, in a world of evolving technology and innovation, more jobs are requiring workers to be sitting in front of a computer for several hours a day. These types of jobs, from programming to customer service, demand undivided attention to the computer screen, meaning that many people who work these types of jobs have to be sitting during the whole workday. While this may be seen as harmless or easy, the truth is that sitting for so long can open the door to a sedentary lifestyle that, just like smoking, can be hazardous to a person’s health.

For this article, we’ll discuss how sitting for long periods of time can be harmful and how, just like there was for smoking, there’s a need for more research on the matter. 

Patients from all different backgrounds arrive at LIMARP® because they’re looking to improve their quality of life and embark on a healthier path. Our multidisciplinary team, led by Dr. Liza María Pompa González, offers different health services to help you reach your weight goals and beat obesity: from diet and exercise plans, to psychological guidance and surgical intervention. Some of the healthy habits we most encourage in our patients is to partake in physical activity, as it’s an essential part of a healthy lifestyle, and to stop smoking because of the countless benefits to their mental and physical well-being.

The Dangers of An Inactive Lifestyle

Let’s talk about having an inactive or sedentary lifestyle, which means spending most of the day either sitting or lying down with little to no exercise at all. As we previously mentioned, most jobs now require workers to be sitting down in front of a computer and even during their leisure time, many people continue to be sitting or lying down. While it’s perfectly normal to rest or wind down after a long day, it’s also important to remain active.

Like smoking, sitting all day can bring forth many health risks, such as obesity, heart diseases, high blood pressure and cholesterol, stroke, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, osteoporosis, increased feelings of depression and anxiety, and even premature death[1]. 

The World Health Organization has identified the fight against inactivity as its third goal for the reduction of degenerative diseases, since long periods of inactivity are directly related to an increased risk for obesity, heart disease, diabetes, colon cancer, muscle and back issues, thrombosis, brittleness of the bones, and depression.

This information has led experts to declare that “sitting is the new smoking”[2], due to the long list of risks it poses and to the fact that people who work sitting have twice the risk of heart disease than those who work standing. Sitting down for long periods of time can have negative effects on the body, just like smoking, such as: 

• Less calorie burning that can lead to weight gain
• Loss of muscle, strength, and endurance
• Weak bones and loss of mineral content
• Bad metabolism
• Your immune system may not work as well
• Poor blood circulation
• More body inflammation
• Risk of developing a hormonal imbalance

Beneficial Sitting Posture and Ways to Stay Active

When it comes to smoking, medical experts have found ways to reduce its dangers and ensure that their patients lead a healthy lifestyle. They will surely recommend cutting back on smoking, but they can also suggest methods that can make it easier to get rid of the addiction. Similar methods can be used if a person is sitting for long periods of time, which is why we’d like to show you the best way[3] to sit that can prevent soreness or body aches if you’re working for long periods of time. 

First, adjust the height of your chair so that your feet rest flat on the floor or on a footrest. Make sure to keep your knees at or below the level of your hips, and to not cross your legs. Your ankles should be in front of your knees, while keeping a small gap between the back of your knees and the front of your seat.

Also, adjust your chair to support your back by placing a rolled towel or small pillow behind your lower back. Make sure the top of your monitor is at or slightly below eye level and keep your head and neck balanced and in line with your torso. Remember to relax your shoulders and to keep your forearms parallel to the ground.

Sitting for long periods of time slows down the metabolism, increasing glucose levels and blood pressure, as well as the risk of diabetes and heart disease, just as smoking does.

The good news is that short periods of simple activity may be sufficient to return these levels to normal. Experts suggest that two or three minutes of light activity every hour or every half hour may be as effective as half an hour of exercise. It is as simple as using a standing desk, walking a little, walking to a coworkers desk to tell them something rather than texting or emailing, taking phone calls while standing or setting an alarm to remind you to stretch for a few minutes.

The human body was not designed to sit for hours on end, on an evolutionary level we have been sitting as long as we do now for only 40 years, thanks mainly to computers; but we can avoid health risks by just working standing up for short periods of time. It is worth mentioning that the benefits of standing are for everyone, no matter their age.

When muscles are active, the body triggers a chain of beneficial actions, but when the body spends long periods of time sitting the effect is reversed. So here are a few tips on how to stay active at home: 

• Housework, gardening, and yard work are all physical work. 
• Lift hand weights, do some gentle yoga stretches, or pedal an exercise bike while watching TV. 
• Work out at home with a workout video.
• Go for a walk in your neighborhood. 
• Stand up when talking on the phone.

Contact Us to Learn More

If you want to learn more about the side effects of sitting for long periods of time or want to change your lifestyle habits, schedule an appointment with one of our doctors. We can help determine the right treatment for you. Contact us online anytime or give us a call at (619) 373-0229.

References

• [1] “Health Risks of an Inactive Lifestyle”. https://medlineplus.gov/healthrisksofaninactivelifestyle.html. (Accessed May 16, 2023). 
• [2] Baddeley B, Sornalingam S, Cooper M. Sitting is the new smoking: where do we stand? Br J Gen Pract. 2016 May;66(646):258. doi: 10.3399/bjgp16X685009. PMID: 27127279; PMCID: PMC4838429.[3] “Good posture tips”. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/multimedia/back-pain/sls-20076817?s=5. (Accessed May 17, 2023).

Hypertension or high blood pressure is very common among adults and children, especially in recent years. As you may have noticed from the other articles available on our website, we usually cover how certain diseases or illnesses are directly linked to obesity or being overweight. However, there are other conditions that can affect everyone, regardless of their weight. Hypertension is one of them, as it can be caused by several factors that go beyond the lack of a healthy diet or an active lifestyle.

For this article, we will take a closer and deeper look into hypertension, its causes, symptoms, and available treatments.

The doors of our Tijuana clinic are always open and we receive patients with different backgrounds from both sides of the border. Our multidisciplinary team at LIMARP®, led by Dr. Liza María Pompa González, is here to help you understand the effects of having hypertension, as well as provide all the necessary tools and information to ensure that you lead a healthier lifestyle. 

As always, we’d like to remind you that each case is different and the information presented in this article is general. If you haven’t been diagnosed with hypertension, make sure to visit a doctor first before taking any medication or applying drastic changes to your lifestyle. The treatment should be catered to your needs, as its main objective is to help you be healthier and avoid any life-threatening complications. 

What Causes High Blood Pressure?

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated[2]. This condition is usually symptom free, but when hypertension becomes long-term, it is a major risk factor for stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia.

In fact, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), hypertension is a major cause of premature death worldwide[3]. Blood pressure is checked using a cuff, usually placed around the arm and it’s very important that the cuff fits. If it’s too big or too small, blood pressure readings can vary. The cuff is inflated using a small hand pump or a machine. The first time your blood pressure is checked, it should be measured in both arms to see if there’s a difference. After that, the arm with the higher reading should be used.

By definition, blood pressure is the measure of force against the artery walls as the heart pumps blood. There are two different types of readings:

• Systolic: The maximum pressure during a heartbeat.
• Diastolic: The minimum pressure during a heartbeat.

Normal blood pressure is considered 120 (systolic) over 80 (diastolic). Any reading over 140/90 is considered high blood pressure. Blood pressure is a great indicator of overall health because if it’s high, it can lead to heart problems and when it’s too low, it can cause dizziness, fainting, and deprive the body of oxygen, leading to heart and brain damage. 

Blood pressure is grouped according to how high it is and this is called staging, which helps guide treatment according to the numbers.

• Stage 1 hypertension: The top number is between 130 and 139 mm Hg or the bottom number is between 80 and 89 mm Hg.
• Stage 2 hypertension: The top number is 140 mm Hg or higher or the bottom number is 90 mm Hg or higher.

Sometimes the bottom blood pressure reading is normal, but the top number is high. This is called isolated systolic hypertension and it’s a common type of high blood pressure in people older than 65.

There are many risk factors for high blood pressure and some of them are manageable [3], such as:

• Smoking
• Processed foods
• Drinking too much alcohol
• Being overweight
• Not exercising

Other risks factors that are not as manageable are:

• Diabetes
• Kidney disease
• Having family with high blood pressure

According to the CDC[4], high blood pressure or hypertension usually develops over time. As we have mentioned, it can happen because of unhealthy lifestyle choices and certain health conditions, such as diabetes and obesity. High blood pressure can also happen during pregnancy. The only way to diagnose if you have hypertension is to visit your doctor so that they’re able to determine if your blood pressure is above average or on the higher side. There are no signs or symptoms that can indicate whether or not you have hypertension, and many patients find out once they go into a doctor’s appointment to address other medical conditions. 

It’s important to be aware if you have hypertension or not in order to avoid serious health risks, such as:

• Heart Attack and Heart Disease

Hypertension can damage the arteries by making them less elastic, which decreases the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart, leading to heart disease. Decreased blood flow to the heart can cause chest pains, heart attacks, and heart failure.

• Stroke and Brain Problems

High blood pressure can also cause the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the brain to burst, causing a stroke. Brain cells die during a stroke because they do not get enough oxygen, causing serious disabilities in speech, movement, and other basic activities. A stroke is also life-threatening. 

• Kidney Disease

Adults with diabetes, hypertension, or both have a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease.

How To Determine the Cause

Once your doctor has diagnosed you with hypertension, they will likely order some tests[5] to pinpoint the cause for the high blood pressure. Some of the tests that they may recommend include:

• Ambulatory monitoring. A longer blood pressure monitoring test may be done to check blood pressure at regular times over the course of 6 or 24 hours. This is called ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. 
• Lab tests. Blood and urine tests are done to check for conditions that can cause or worsen hypertension. For example, tests are done to check your cholesterol and blood sugar levels. You may also have lab tests to check your kidney, liver, and thyroid function.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). This quick and painless test measures the heart’s electrical activity. It can tell how fast or how slow the heart is beating. During an ECG, sensors called electrodes are attached to the chest and sometimes to the arms or legs. Wires connect the sensors to a machine, which prints or displays results.
• Echocardiogram. This noninvasive exam uses sound waves to create detailed images of the beating heart. It shows how blood moves through the heart and heart valves.

Hypertension Treatment: The Different Options

Changing your lifestyle can help control and manage high blood pressure and as part of your treatment, your doctor may recommend the following changes: 

• Eating a healthy diet with less salt
• Regular physical activity
• Maintaining a healthy weight or losing weight
• Limiting alcohol
• Not smoking
• Getting 7 to 9 hours of sleep 

It’s important to keep in mind that these lifestyle changes are not always enough and if you don’t notice any changes, your doctor will also recommend other types of treatment to manage your hypertension.

Medication

The type of medicine used for hypertension treatment depends on your overall health and how high your blood pressure is. In some cases, two or more blood pressure drugs often work better than one and it can take some time to find the medicine or combination of medicines that works best for your treatment.

When taking blood pressure medicine as hypertension treatment, it’s important to know your goal blood pressure level. You should aim for a blood pressure treatment goal of less than 130/80 mm Hg if:

• You’re a healthy adult age 65 or older.
• You’re a healthy adult younger than age 65 with a 10% or higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease in the next 10 years.
• You have chronic kidney disease, diabetes, or coronary artery disease.
• The ideal blood pressure goal can vary with age and health conditions, particularly if you’re older than age 65.

So, which medication is recommended for hypertension treatment?

Only your doctor will be able to determine which will work better for you according to your case, but these are some medicines used to treat hypertension:

Water pills or diuretics: These drugs help remove sodium and water from the body and they’re often the first medicines used for hypertension treatment.

There are different classes of diuretics, such as thiazide, loop, and potassium sparing and your doctor will prescribe them depending on your blood pressure measurements and other health conditions, such as kidney disease or heart failure. Diuretics commonly used as hypertension treatment include chlorthalidone, hydrochlorothiazide, and others.

There are several side effects to this type of hypertension treatment, such as increased urination, which can reduce potassium levels. A good balance of potassium is necessary to help the heart beat correctly and if you have low potassium, your doctor may prescribe a potassium-sparing diuretic that contains triamterene as part of your hypertension treatment.

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: These drugs help relax blood vessels and block the formation of a natural chemical that narrows blood vessels. Some of the examples used for hypertension treatment include lisinopril, benazepril, captopril, and others.
• Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs): These drugs also relax blood vessels, but they block the action, not the formation, of a natural chemical that narrows blood vessels. ARBs for hypertension treatment include candesartan, losartan, and others.
• Calcium channel blockers: These drugs help relax the muscles of the blood vessels as part of hypertension treatment. They include amlodipine, diltiazem, and others. 

It’s recommended that the patient doesn’t eat or drink grapefruit products when taking calcium channel blockers because they increase blood levels, which can be dangerous. If you’re undergoing hypertension treatment, contact your doctor or a dietitian to make sure that your diet doesn’t interfere with your treatment.

Are there any other types of medication to treat hypertension?

Yes. If you’re having trouble reaching your blood pressure goal with the medicine that was mentioned above, your doctor may recommend other types of medication for your hypertension treatment. Here are some examples:

• Alpha blockers: These medicines reduce nerve signals to blood vessels and help lower the effects of natural chemicals that narrow blood vessels. Alpha blockers include doxazosin, prazosin, and others.
• Alpha-beta blockers: These blockers block nerve signals to blood vessels and slow the heartbeat, reducing the amount of blood that must be pumped through the vessels. Alpha-beta blockers include carvedilol and labetalol.
• Beta blockers: These blockers reduce the workload on the heart and widen the blood vessels, making the heart beat slower and with less force. Beta blockers for hypertension treatment include atenolol, metoprolol, and others. Beta blockers aren’t usually recommended by themselves, as they may work best when combined with other blood pressure drugs.
• Aldosterone antagonists: These drugs may be used as treatment for resistant hypertension. They block the effect of a natural chemical that can lead to salt and fluid buildup in the body. Some examples are spironolactone and eplerenone.
• Vasodilators: These medicines stop the muscles in the artery walls from tightening and prevent the arteries from narrowing. Examples include hydralazine and minoxidil.
• Central-acting agents: These medicines prevent the brain from telling the nervous system to increase the heart rate and narrow the blood vessels. Some examples include clonidine, guanfacine, and methyldopa.

Always take blood pressure medicines as prescribed for your hypertension treatment. It’s important to follow your doctor’s recommendations, which means never skipping a dose or abruptly stop taking blood pressure medicines unless told otherwise. Suddenly stopping certain ones, such as beta blockers, can cause a sharp increase in blood pressure called rebound hypertension.

Resistant Hypertension and its Treatment:

Here are some points that can indicate if you have resistant hypertension:

• You take at least three different blood pressure drugs, including a diuretic, but your blood pressure remains high.
• You’re taking four different medicines to control high blood pressure. 

Keep in mind that having resistant hypertension doesn’t mean your blood pressure will never get lower, it just means that a more effective treatment plan can be created to help you manage your hypertension.

In order to treat resistant hypertension, your doctor may recommend the following: 

• Changing blood pressure medicines to find the best combination and dosage.
• Reviewing all your medicines, including those bought without a prescription.
• Checking blood pressure at home to see if medical appointments cause high blood pressure, known as white coat hypertension.
• Eating healthy, managing weight, and making other lifestyle changes.

Potential Future Treatments for Hypertension

Medical researchers have been studying the use of heat to destroy specific nerves in the kidney that may play a role in resistant hypertension and this method is called renal denervation. The early showings have been positive, but as is the case with all medical research, there needs to be more studies in order to ensure the effectiveness and safety of this type of treatment for hypertension.

Contact Us to Learn More

If you want more information about a treatment for hypertension, schedule an appointment with one of our doctors. We can help determine the right treatment for you. Contact us online anytime or give us a call at (619) 373-0229.

References

[1] “Managing high blood pressure”. https://www.heartfoundation.org.nz/. (Accessed February 20, 2023).

[2] Naish J, Court DS (2014). Medical sciences (2 ed.). p. 562. ISBN 9780702052491.

[3] “Hypertension”. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension.  (Accessed February 20, 2023).

[4] “High Blood Pressure Symptoms and Causes”. https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure. (Accessed February 20, 2023).

[5] “Hypertension: Diagnosis”. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20373417. (Accessed February 20, 2023).

Eating disorders are way more common than one may think. Its signs, based on the type of disorder, can be extremely evident or incredibly discrete, but their consequences are similar in how damaging they can be to a person’s mental and physical health. There are many reasons why people suffer from eating disorders and statistics[1] show that “70 million people internationally live with eating disorders” and that number continues to increase.

This makes eating disorders a serious issue that need medical and psychological intervention in order to be treated.

These disorders can also be indicators of other health conditions that have gone undiagnosed or that haven’t been given sufficient attention by either the patient or their health providers. Some of the reasons why people develop eating disorders or are prone to disordered eating include differences in brain structure and biology[2], as well as certain personality traits like perfectionism and impulsivity[3]. 

Our relationship with food can be very complex and it may vary drastically from one person to another. Although food is our main energy source and a well-balanced diet allows us to lead a healthy lifestyle, the mere idea of eating can have different connotations and the association it has with negative feelings or behaviors is way more common than we may think. 

Coming to terms with having an eating disorder can be a very difficult process for those who are suffering from it because its causes go beyond superficial assumptions. Our team at LIMARP®, led by Dr. Liza María Pompa González, is equipped with mental health professionals in order to help our patients reach their health goals and guide them throughout their journey. There are several types of eating disorders and all of them are complex, meaning that their root cause may vary from patient to patient; in order to identify and treat them, we recommend you speak with licensed professionals to avoid self-diagnosis. 

In this article, we’ll take a look at the different types of therapy designed to treat eating disorders.

As always, we’d like to remind you that every case or situation is different, and if you’re struggling with any type of disorder, we encourage you to seek professional help or to talk to your doctor so that they can help you find the therapy that’s right for you. 

Understanding Eating Disorders

First, it’s important to know how to identify an eating disorder. According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness[4], eating disorders are illnesses that affect or impact a person’s relationship with food and body image, which makes them have excessive thoughts of food, body weight or shape, and how to control their food intake. Some of the causes for eating disorders include the effects of another mental illness, genetics, unhealthy exposure to media, negative body image, and trauma; it’s safe to say that society’s standard for beauty has also played a huge role in the development of eating disorders, since thinness is often encouraged and sought, regardless on how unhealthy the methods to achieve this may be. 

There are several types of eating disorders, like anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder, among others. The symptoms for each eating disorder vary according to the type a person may present, but what they do have in common is the dangers that they pose to their overall health. If an eating disorder goes untreated, it can result in death; in fact, studies have concluded that these disorders are some of the most dangerous mental illnesses[5]. 

Signs and Symptoms of Eating Disorders

Before diving into the available therapy for eating disorders, we’d like to provide more information about the signs and symptoms[6] of different eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder.

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is a condition where people avoid food, severely restrict food, or eat very small quantities of only certain foods. They also may weigh themselves repeatedly and even when they’re dangerously underweight, they may see themselves as overweight.

There are two types of anorexia nervosa: restrictive and binge-purge. When it comes to the restrictive type of this eating disorder, people severely limit the amount and type of food they consume; while in the binge-purge type, people also greatly restrict the amount and type of food they consume.

In addition, they may have binge-eating and purging episodes, which means that they eat large amounts of food in a short time, followed by vomiting or using laxatives or diuretics to get rid of what was consumed.

Anorexia nervosa can be fatal. It has an extremely high death rate compared with other mental disorders. People with anorexia are at risk of dying from medical complications associated with starvation and suicide is the second leading cause of death for people diagnosed with it.

Symptoms for this type of eating disorder include:

• Extremely restricted eating
• Extreme thinness
• Intense fear of gaining weight
• Distorted body image
• Thinning of the bones (osteopenia or osteoporosis)
• Mild anemia and muscle wasting and weakness
• Brittle hair and nails
• Dry and yellowish skin
• Growth of fine hair all over the body (lanugo)
• Severe constipation
• Low blood pressure
• Slowed breathing and pulse
• Damage to the structure and function of the heart
• Brain damage
• Multi-organ failure
• Drop in internal body temperature, causing a person to feel cold all the time
• Lethargy, sluggishness, or feeling tired all the time
• Infertility

Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia nervosa is a condition where people have recurrent and frequent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food, while feeling a lack of control over them. This is followed by behavior that compensates for the overeating such as forced vomiting, excessive use of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, excessive exercise, or a combination of these behaviors. People with this eating disorder may be slightly underweight, normal weight, or over overweight.

Symptoms for this eating disorder may include:

• Chronically inflamed and sore throat
• Swollen salivary glands in the neck and jaw area
• Worn tooth enamel, as well as increasingly sensitive and decaying teeth
• Acid reflux disorder and other gastrointestinal problems
• Intestinal distress and irritation from laxative abuse
• Severe dehydration from purging of fluids
• Electrolyte imbalance, which can lead to stroke or heart attack

Binge Eating Disorder

This eating disorder consists of eating unusually large amounts of food in short periods of time without control, meaning that people dealing with this disorder tend to eat when they’re not hungry or when they have grown uncomfortably full. Unlike other eating disorders, like anorexia or bulimia, people with binge eating disorder don’t restrict calories, resort to purging, or overexercise to compensate for the excess consumption of food. Because of this, many of them may be overweight or obese and they become more at risk of heart diseases, type 2 diabetes, or having a stroke. 

Some symptoms of binge eating disorder include:

• Eating fast during binge episodes
• Eating alone or in secret to avoid embarrassment
• Feeling distressed, ashamed, or guilty about your eating
• Frequently dieting, possibly without weight loss

Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder

Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is an eating disorder where people limit the amount or type of food eaten. Unlike anorexia nervosa, people with ARFID do not have a distorted body image or extreme fear of gaining weight. Many children go through phases of picky eating, but a child with ARFID does not eat enough calories to grow and develop properly, and an adult with ARFID does not eat enough calories to maintain basic body function.

Symptoms for this type of eating disorder include:

• Dramatic restriction of types or amount of food 
• Lack of appetite or interest in food
• Dramatic weight loss
• Upset stomach, abdominal pain, or other gastrointestinal issues
• Picky eating that gets progressively worse

Therapy for Eating Disorders

In order to treat any of the eating disorders we covered in this article, there are different types of therapy that can help patients overcome their disorders and lead a healthier lifestyle. It’s important to talk to a mental health professional to ensure that the patient is receiving the right therapy, as well as to make sure that it’s working and carried out properly. 

Here are some of the therapy available options to treat eating disorders[7]:

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-E) aims to identify the thought patterns and beliefs that contribute to an eating disorder.

These could include thoughts or beliefs that are associated with things such as food, weight, body shape, and appearance. Once these thoughts and beliefs are identified, the patient is taught strategies to modify and help manage them.

CBT is used for a variety of mental health conditions, and people receiving CBT for eating disorders experience improvements in other related symptoms like depression and anxiety. CBT-E is a type of enhanced therapy that’s intended for use in all types of eating disorders.

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)

IPT is a type of therapy that’s used to treat eating disorders like binge eating disorder or bulimia. In IPT, an eating disorder is explored in the context of social and interpersonal relationships.

This type of therapy identifies four problem areas to treat an eating disorder, such as:

Interpersonal deficits: This often includes feelings of isolation or a lack of close, fulfilling relationships. The relationships in question don’t have to be romantic, but can also be related to those with friends or family.

Role disputes: This often involves a difference in expectations between yourself and one or more important people in your life, such as parents, friends, or employers.

Role transitions: This is typically concerned with big life changes, such as being on your own for the first time, starting a new job, or being in a new relationship.

Grief: This can include feelings of loss due to the death of a loved one or the end of a relationship.

A mental health professional works with the patient to explore how issues in each of these problem areas contribute to their eating disorder. They’ll then help develop strategies to improve their communication and interpersonal skills to help reduce their symptoms.

Family-based treatment (FBT)

This type of therapy is also referred to as the Maudsley Method because it’s often used for children or adolescents that have an eating disorder.

In FBT, family members are vital parts of the recovery process. They’re involved in helping you do things like maintaining healthy eating patterns, restoring and maintaining a healthy weight, and interrupting unhealthy behaviors, such as binge eating or purging.

Dialectal behavior therapy (DBT)

DBT focuses on managing difficult emotions and encourages the patient to learn skills to change the behaviors associated with their eating disorder.

Some specific skills that this type of therapy aims to build include interpersonal skills, emotional expression, flexibility and openness, coping with feelings of distress, and encouraging mindfulness.

DBT has been studied in the treatment of binge eating disorder, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa.

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)

ACT asks you to focus on changing actions as opposed to thoughts or feelings. A principle of this therapy is that the behaviors associated with mental health conditions come from responses to unpleasant feelings like anxiety or pain.

Patients undergoing this therapy are asked to examine for themselves what their core values are. They’re then asked to develop goals that help them better satisfy these values. The aim is to accept all feelings and to commit to changing their actions so they better align with their values. 

While this therapy is a viable treatment for eating disorders, more research is needed to see if it’s effective as a standalone therapy. If you’re interested, talk with your doctor to see if they recommend it.

Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT)

This type of therapy focuses on promoting “big-picture thinking and mental flexibility”. It’s usually used in the treatment of anorexia nervosa.

In CRT, a variety of exercises and tasks are used to help address the rigid thinking patterns that are often associated with anorexia nervosa. Some examples of such tasks include drawing shapes or performing motions with the dominant and nondominant hand; asking the patient to repeatedly switch their attention between two topics; reading and summarizing increasingly difficult passages; finding different ways to navigate a map; and asking them to come up with alternative ways to use everyday objects.

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

The overall goal of psychodynamic psychotherapy is to help the patient understand the underlying cause of their eating disorder. This involves diving deep into things such as internal conflicts and motives.

Mental health professionals of this type of therapy believe that the symptoms are the result of unresolved wants and needs. As such, understanding the root cause of the disorder can address the symptoms and reduce the risk of relapse.

Contact Us to Learn More

If you want more information about therapy for eating disorders, schedule an appointment with one of our doctors. We can help determine the right treatment for you. Contact us online anytime or give us a call at (619) 373-0229.

References

[1] “Eating disorder statistics 2023”. https://www.singlecare.com/blog/news/eating-disorder-statistics/. (Accessed April 20, 2023). 

[2] Riva G (2016) Neurobiology of Anorexia Nervosa: Serotonin Dysfunctions Link Self-Starvation with Body Image Disturbances through an Impaired Body Memory. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 10:600. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00600

[3] Culbert KM, Racine SE, Klump KL. Research Review: What we have learned about the causes of eating disorders – a synthesis of sociocultural, psychological, and biological research. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2015 Nov;56(11):1141-64. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12441. Epub 2015 Jun 19. PMID: 26095891.

[4] “Eating Disorders”. https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental-Health-Conditions/Eating-Disorders. (Accessed April 20, 2023). 

[5] Arcelus J, Mitchell AJ, Wales J, Nielsen S. Mortality Rates in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Other Eating Disorders: A Meta-analysis of 36 Studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68(7):724–731. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74

[6] “Eating Disorders”. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/eating-disorders. (Accessed April 20, 2023). 

[7] “Is Therapy an Effective Treatment for Eating Disorders?”. https://www.healthline.com/health/eating-disorder/therapy-for-eating-disorders. (Accessed April 20, 2023).